/* =========================================================
   FONTS
   ========================================================= */

@font-face {
  font-family: "Roslindale Display";
  src: url("../assets/fonts/RoslindaleDisplay-Regular.woff2") format("woff2"); /* DJR Mini Combined license, order 2026-08-14-79eeedc */
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: "Roslindale Display";
  src: url("../assets/fonts/RoslindaleDisplay-Light.woff2") format("woff2"); /* DJR Mini Combined license, order 2026-08-14-79eeedc */
  font-weight: 300;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: "Roslindale Text";
  src: url("../assets/fonts/RoslindaleText-Regular.woff2") format("woff2"); /* DJR Mini Combined license, order 2026-08-14-79eeedc */
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: "Roslindale Text";
  src: url("../assets/fonts/RoslindaleText-Italic.woff2") format("woff2"); /* DJR Mini Combined license, order 2026-08-14-79eeedc */
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: italic;
  font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: "Roslindale Deck Narrow";
  src: url("../assets/fonts/RoslindaleDeckNarrow-Bold.woff2") format("woff2"); /* DJR Mini Combined license, order 2026-08-14-79eeedc */
  font-weight: 700;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: "Roslindale Display Condensed";
  src: url("../assets/fonts/RoslindaleDisplayCondensed-Bold.woff2") format("woff2"); /* DJR Mini Combined license, order 2026-08-14-79eeedc */
  font-weight: 700;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

/* =========================================================
   GLOBAL — TOKENS & BASE
   ========================================================= */

:root {
  --primary-color: #17284a; /* navy spread panel */
  --primary-color-darkened: #101c33;
  --primary-color-lighter: #2a4272;
  --secondary-color: #d4af37; /* signature gold */
  --secondary-color-darkened: #b3922c;
  --secondary-color-lighter: #e6c964;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --offwhite: #ece5d8; /* paper cream */
  --gray: #6f6a5e; /* muted caption ink */
  --ink: #211f1c;
  --header-font-family: "Roslindale Display", "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
  --body-font-family: "Roslindale Text", Georgia, serif;
  --accent-font-family: "Water Brush", "Bradley Hand", cursive;
  --caps-font-family: "Roslindale Deck Narrow", "Times New Roman", serif; /* narrow caps bylines */
  --headline-font-family: "Roslindale Display Condensed", "Times New Roman", serif; /* article headlines */
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  background-color: var(--offwhite);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body-font-family);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

img {
  display: block;
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

body.is-menu-open {
  overflow: hidden; /* freeze the page behind the open mobile menu */
}

/* =========================================================
   SITE HEADER
   ========================================================= */

.site-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  background-color: var(--offwhite);
  padding-top: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 1rem;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  padding-right: 1.5rem;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .site-header {
    padding-left: 3rem;
    padding-right: 3rem;
  }
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .site-header {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    z-index: 5;
    width: 53%;
    background-color: transparent;
    padding-top: 2rem;
    padding-bottom: 0;
    padding-left: 4rem;
    padding-right: 4rem;
  }
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .site-header {
    padding-left: 5rem;
    padding-right: 5rem;
  }
}

.site-header__wordmark {
  margin: 0;
}

.site-header__wordmark a {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--caps-font-family);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 15px;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .site-header__wordmark a {
    font-size: 17px;
  }
}

.site-header__wordmark span {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.15rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-family: var(--body-font-family);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .site-header__wordmark span {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
}

.site-header__toggle {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 8; /* stays clickable above the open menu overlay */
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background-color: transparent;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .site-header__toggle {
    display: none;
  }
}

.site-header__toggle[aria-expanded="true"] {
  border-color: var(--offwhite);
  color: var(--offwhite);
}

.site-header__toggle span[aria-hidden] {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  width: 16px;
  height: 9px;
}

.site-header__toggle span[aria-hidden]::before,
.site-header__toggle span[aria-hidden]::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 1px;
  background-color: currentColor; /* two index rules that fold into an X */
}

.site-header__toggle span[aria-hidden]::before {
  top: 0;
}

.site-header__toggle span[aria-hidden]::after {
  bottom: 0;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .site-header__toggle span[aria-hidden]::before {
    transition: top 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .site-header__toggle span[aria-hidden]::after {
    transition: bottom 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease;
  }
}

.site-header__toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span[aria-hidden]::before {
  top: 4px;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.site-header__toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span[aria-hidden]::after {
  bottom: 4px;
  transform: rotate(-45deg);
}

.site-header nav {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 7;
  display: none;
  background-color: var(--primary-color);
  padding-top: 8rem;
  padding-bottom: 3rem;
  padding-left: 2rem;
  padding-right: 2rem;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .site-header nav {
    position: static;
    display: block;
    background-color: transparent;
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
    padding-right: 0;
  }
}

.site-header nav.is-open {
  display: block;
}

.site-header nav ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .site-header nav ul {
    flex-direction: row;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    gap: 1.25rem 1.75rem;
  }
}

.site-header nav a {
  color: var(--offwhite);
  font-family: var(--headline-font-family);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 42px;
  line-height: 1.1;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .site-header nav a {
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--body-font-family);
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 12px;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }
}

.site-header nav a:hover {
  color: var(--secondary-color);
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .site-header nav a:hover {
    color: var(--ink);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
    text-underline-offset: 3px;
  }
}

/* Tinted variant — pages with an emerald photo panel blend the bar into it */

.site-header--tinted {
  background-color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .site-header--tinted {
    background-color: transparent;
  }
}

.site-header--tinted .site-header__wordmark a {
  color: var(--offwhite);
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .site-header--tinted .site-header__wordmark a {
    color: var(--ink);
  }
}

.site-header--tinted .site-header__wordmark span {
  color: var(--secondary-color);
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .site-header--tinted .site-header__wordmark span {
    color: var(--gray);
  }
}

.site-header--tinted .site-header__toggle {
  border-color: var(--offwhite);
  color: var(--offwhite);
}

/* Tablet Portrait Only - 600px to 899px */
@media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 899px) {
  .site-header--tinted nav a {
    color: var(--offwhite);
  }
}

/* Tablet Portrait Only - 600px to 899px */
@media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 899px) {
  .site-header--tinted nav a:hover {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
  }
}

/* =========================================================
   MAGAZINE SPREAD
   ========================================================= */

.magazine-spread {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread {
    flex-direction: row;
    min-height: 100vh; /* no overflow clip here — it would break the sticky panel */
  }
}

/* PHOTO PANEL */

.magazine-spread__photo-panel {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate; /* keep vignette/grain layers from painting over sibling panels */
  order: 1;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: var(--primary-color);
  padding-top: 3.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 8.5rem;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  padding-right: 1.5rem;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__photo-panel {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    align-self: flex-start;
    flex: 0 0 47%;
    height: 100vh; /* photo stays in view while the editorial column scrolls */
    padding-top: 4rem;
    padding-bottom: 4rem;
    padding-left: 3rem;
    padding-right: 3rem;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__photo-panel::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background-image: radial-gradient(130% 95% at 50% 38%, rgba(16, 28, 51, 0) 42%, rgba(6, 12, 24, 0.6) 100%); /* grungy vignette */
  pointer-events: none;
}

.magazine-spread__photo-panel::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='240' height='240'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.8' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='240' height='240' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); /* film-grain noise */
  opacity: 0.12;
  mix-blend-mode: overlay;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.magazine-spread__portrait {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 82%;
  max-width: 340px;
  margin: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; /* sizes the frame */
  outline: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22); /* printed-photo edge */
  outline-offset: -1px;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 40px rgba(6, 12, 24, 0.45);
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__portrait {
    width: 74%;
    max-width: 440px;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .magazine-spread__portrait {
    animation: photo-settle 0.9s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0s both;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__portrait img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

/* EDITORIAL PANEL */

.magazine-spread__editorial {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate; /* keep grain layer from painting over sibling panels */
  order: 3;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background-color: var(--offwhite);
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='640' height='640'%3E%3Cfilter id='m'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.014' numOctaves='3' stitchTiles='stitch' seed='7'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix type='matrix' values='0 0 0 0 0.22 0 0 0 0 0.18 0 0 0 0 0.13 0.045 0.045 0.045 0 -0.028'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='640' height='640' filter='url(%23m)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"), url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='520' height='260'%3E%3Cfilter id='f'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.006 0.22' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch' seed='11'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix type='matrix' values='0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.16 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.025 0.025 0.025 0 -0.018'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='520' height='260' filter='url(%23f)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); /* pulp mottle + laid-paper fibers */
  background-size: 640px 640px, 520px 260px;
  padding-top: 5rem;
  padding-bottom: 4rem;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  padding-right: 1.5rem;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .magazine-spread__editorial {
    padding-left: 3rem;
    padding-right: 3rem;
  }
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__editorial {
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    padding-top: 9rem; /* clears the absolutely positioned site header */
    padding-bottom: 2.25rem;
    padding-left: 5rem;
    padding-right: 4rem;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__editorial::before {
  content: "";
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 3.5rem;
  background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(31, 29, 26, 0.16), rgba(31, 29, 26, 0)); /* page-fold gutter */
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__editorial::before {
    display: block;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__editorial::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='240' height='240'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.8' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='240' height='240' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); /* paper grain */
  opacity: 0.05;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.magazine-spread__quote {
  margin: 0;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.magazine-spread__quote blockquote {
  margin: 0;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .magazine-spread__quote blockquote {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.15s both;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__quote blockquote p {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 22ch;
  font-family: var(--header-font-family);
  font-size: 34px;
  line-height: 1.04;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .magazine-spread__quote blockquote p {
    font-size: 44px;
  }
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__quote blockquote p {
    font-size: 46px;
  }
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .magazine-spread__quote blockquote p {
    font-size: 56px;
  }
}

/* Big Desktop Up - Min 1800px */
@media (min-width: 1800px) {
  .magazine-spread__quote blockquote p {
    font-size: 66px;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__label {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.2); /* index-row rule above each section */
  padding-top: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__label {
    font-size: 11px;
  }
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .magazine-spread__label {
    width: 100%; /* margin-left auto would otherwise shrink-to-fit in the flex column */
    max-width: 28rem;
    margin-left: auto;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .magazine-spread__editorial > .magazine-spread__label {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.55s both; /* rides with the note; the Articles label animates with its nav */
  }
}

.magazine-spread__label a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.magazine-spread__label a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.magazine-spread__note {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__note {
    font-size: 16px;
  }
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .magazine-spread__note {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 28rem;
    margin-left: auto;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .magazine-spread__note {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.55s both;
  }
}

/* ARTICLES */

.magazine-spread__articles {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .magazine-spread__articles {
    width: 100%; /* margin-left auto would otherwise shrink-to-fit in the flex column */
    max-width: 28rem;
    margin-left: auto;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .magazine-spread__articles {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.62s both;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__articles ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.85rem;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.magazine-spread__articles ul a {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body-font-family);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 16px;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.magazine-spread__articles ul a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

/* ACTIONS */

.magazine-spread__actions {
  margin-top: 2.25rem;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__actions {
    margin-top: auto;
    padding-top: 2rem; /* keeps a floor of space when the auto margin collapses */
  }
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .magazine-spread__actions {
    width: 100%; /* margin-left auto would otherwise shrink-to-fit in the flex column */
    max-width: 28rem;
    margin-left: auto;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .magazine-spread__actions {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.7s both;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__actions ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.magazine-spread__actions li {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.2); /* index-row rule above each action */
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
}

.magazine-spread__actions a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 13px;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__actions a {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
}


.magazine-spread__actions a em {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-family: var(--body-font-family);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 15px;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  text-transform: none;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__actions a em {
    font-size: 15px;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__actions a span:last-child {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden; /* clips the arrow as it wipes through */
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__actions a span:last-child {
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
  }
}

.magazine-spread__actions a svg {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .magazine-spread__actions a svg {
    transition: transform 0.45s cubic-bezier(0.76, 0, 0.24, 1); /* movement only — color swaps stay instant */
  }
}

.magazine-spread__actions a span:last-child svg:last-child {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%) translateX(-270%); /* waiting in the wings, stage left */
}

.magazine-spread__actions a:hover span:last-child {
  background-color: var(--ink);
  color: var(--offwhite);
}

.magazine-spread__actions a:hover span:last-child svg:first-child {
  transform: translateX(270%);
}

.magazine-spread__actions a:hover span:last-child svg:last-child {
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

/* SITE FOOTER (nested in the editorial panel) */

.site-footer {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin-top: 3rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .site-footer {
    margin-top: 2rem;
    font-size: 10px;
  }
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .site-footer {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 28rem;
    margin-left: auto; /* joins the right-hand column, clear of the fixed signature */
  }
}

.site-footer p {
  margin: 0;
}

.site-footer a {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 400;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.site-footer a:hover {
  text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
}

/* SIGNATURE */

.magazine-spread__signature {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 6;
  order: 2;
  margin-top: -6rem;
  margin-bottom: -1rem;
  padding-left: 1rem;
  transform: rotate(-3deg);
  transform-origin: 0 50%;
  color: var(--secondary-color);
  font-family: var(--accent-font-family);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 30vw; /* graphic device — must track viewport width, exempt from px-type rule */
  line-height: 0.8;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .magazine-spread__signature {
    position: fixed; /* rides the viewport so it stays visible while the column scrolls */
    left: -0.5vw;
    bottom: 1.8vw; /* clears the brush tail on the leading capital */
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
    transform: rotate(-3deg) scaleX(1.02);
    transform-origin: 0 100%;
    font-size: 20vw;
    line-height: 0.75;
  }
}

/* Big Desktop Up - Min 1800px */
@media (min-width: 1800px) {
  .magazine-spread__signature {
    font-size: 22vw; /* wide spreads have room for the full sweep again */
  }
}

/* Tablet Landscape Only - 900px to 1199px */
@media (min-width: 900px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
  .magazine-spread__signature {
    font-size: 17.5vw; /* narrower spread — keep the script clear of the actions column */
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .magazine-spread__signature {
    animation: write-on 1.8s cubic-bezier(0.65, 0, 0.35, 1) 1s both;
  }
}

/* =========================================================
   ARTICLE SPREAD
   ========================================================= */

.article-spread {
  position: relative; /* anchors the absolutely positioned site header */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .article-spread {
    flex-direction: row;
    min-height: 100vh;
  }
}

.article-spread__media {
  margin: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; /* essay pages run the photo full-bleed */
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .article-spread__media {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    align-self: flex-start;
    flex: 0 0 47%;
    height: 100vh; /* image stays in view while the text column scrolls */
    aspect-ratio: auto;
  }
}

.article-spread__media img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .article-spread__media > img {
    animation: photo-settle 0.9s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0s both;
  }
}

/* Framed variant — About, Articles, Contact print the photo on emerald */

.article-spread--framed .article-spread__media {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate; /* keep vignette/grain layers from painting over siblings */
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  background-color: var(--primary-color);
  padding-top: 3.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 6.5rem;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  padding-right: 1.5rem;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .article-spread--framed .article-spread__media {
    position: sticky;
    padding-top: 4rem;
    padding-bottom: 4rem;
    padding-left: 3rem;
    padding-right: 3rem;
  }
}

.article-spread--framed .article-spread__media::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background-image: radial-gradient(130% 95% at 50% 38%, rgba(16, 28, 51, 0) 42%, rgba(6, 12, 24, 0.6) 100%); /* grungy vignette */
  pointer-events: none;
}

.article-spread--framed .article-spread__media::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='240' height='240'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.8' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='240' height='240' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); /* film-grain noise */
  opacity: 0.12;
  mix-blend-mode: overlay;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.article-spread--framed .article-spread__media > img {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 82%;
  max-width: 340px;
  height: auto; /* beats the img element's height attribute so aspect-ratio can rule */
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 4;
  outline: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22); /* printed-photo edge */
  outline-offset: -1px;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 40px rgba(6, 12, 24, 0.45);
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .article-spread--framed .article-spread__media > img {
    width: 74%;
    max-width: 440px;
  }
}

.article-spread__stack {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 82%;
  max-width: 340px;
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; /* sizes the frame — the swappable photos stack inside it */
  outline: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22); /* printed-photo edge */
  outline-offset: -1px;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 40px rgba(6, 12, 24, 0.45);
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .article-spread__stack {
    width: 74%;
    max-width: 440px;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .article-spread__stack {
    animation: photo-settle 0.9s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0s both;
  }
}

.article-spread__stack img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  opacity: 0;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .article-spread__stack img {
    transition: opacity 0.35s ease; /* hover crossfade */
  }
}

.article-spread__stack img.is-active {
  opacity: 1;
}

.article-spread__panel {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate; /* keep grain layer from painting over siblings */
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  background-color: var(--offwhite);
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='640' height='640'%3E%3Cfilter id='m'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.014' numOctaves='3' stitchTiles='stitch' seed='7'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix type='matrix' values='0 0 0 0 0.22 0 0 0 0 0.18 0 0 0 0 0.13 0.045 0.045 0.045 0 -0.028'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='640' height='640' filter='url(%23m)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"), url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='520' height='260'%3E%3Cfilter id='f'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.006 0.22' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch' seed='11'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix type='matrix' values='0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.16 0 0 0 0 0.12 0.025 0.025 0.025 0 -0.018'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='520' height='260' filter='url(%23f)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); /* pulp mottle + laid-paper fibers */
  background-size: 640px 640px, 520px 260px;
  padding-top: 2.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 3rem;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  padding-right: 1.5rem;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .article-spread__panel {
    padding-left: 3rem;
    padding-right: 3rem;
  }
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .article-spread__panel {
    padding-top: 9rem; /* clears the absolutely positioned site header */
    padding-bottom: 3.5rem;
    padding-left: 4rem;
    padding-right: 4rem;
  }
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .article-spread__panel {
    padding-left: 5rem;
    padding-right: 5rem;
  }
}

.article-spread__panel::before {
  content: "";
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 3.5rem;
  background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(31, 29, 26, 0.16), rgba(31, 29, 26, 0)); /* page-fold gutter */
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .article-spread__panel::before {
    display: block;
  }
}

.article-spread__headline {
  margin: 0;
  margin-bottom: 4rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--header-font-family);
  font-weight: 300;
  font-size: 46px;
  line-height: 1.02;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .article-spread__headline {
    font-size: 58px;
  }
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .article-spread__headline {
    margin-bottom: 14vh; /* the reference layout breathes here */
    font-size: 56px;
  }
}

/* Desktop Up - Min 1200px */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .article-spread__headline {
    margin-bottom: 16vh;
    font-size: 72px;
  }
}

/* Big Desktop Up - Min 1800px */
@media (min-width: 1800px) {
  .article-spread__headline {
    font-size: 84px;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .article-spread__headline {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.2s both;
  }
}

.article-spread__meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.2); /* index-row rule, as on the home page */
  padding-top: 1.25rem;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .article-spread__meta {
    flex-direction: row;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0;
    padding-top: 0; /* the cells carry the padding so the dividers meet the rule */
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .article-spread__meta {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.35s both;
  }
}

.article-spread__meta p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .article-spread__meta p {
    padding-top: 1.25rem;
    padding-right: 3rem;
  }
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .article-spread__meta p + p {
    border-left: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.2); /* vertical divider between the facts */
    padding-left: 3rem;
  }
}

.article-spread__meta strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.article-spread__meta a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.article-spread__prose {
  max-width: 62ch;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .article-spread__prose {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.45s both;
  }
}

.article-spread__prose > p:first-of-type::first-letter {
  float: left;
  margin-top: 0.06em;
  margin-right: 0.14em;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--header-font-family);
  font-weight: 300;
  font-size: 5.4em; /* spans roughly three lines of prose */
  line-height: 0.78;
}

.article-spread__prose > p:first-of-type + * {
  clear: left; /* a short opening line shouldn't wrap the next block around the cap */
}

.article-spread__prose p {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 1.5em;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.article-spread__prose h2 {
  margin-top: 2.2em;
  margin-bottom: 0.8em;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--caps-font-family);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 24px;
}

.article-spread__prose blockquote {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 1.5em;
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-right: 0;
  border-left: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.3);
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  font-style: italic;
}

.article-spread__prose ul {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 1.5em;
  padding-left: 1.25rem;
}

.article-spread__prose li {
  margin-bottom: 0.6em;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.article-spread__prose a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.article-spread__prose hr {
  margin-top: 2.5em;
  margin-bottom: 2.5em;
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.2); /* index-rule divider */
}

.article-spread .site-footer {
  max-width: none;
  margin-top: 5rem;
  margin-left: 0;
}

/* =========================================================
   PAGE SIGNATURE
   ========================================================= */

.page-signature {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 6;
  margin-top: -3.5rem;
  margin-bottom: -0.75rem;
  padding-left: 1rem;
  transform: rotate(-3deg);
  transform-origin: 0 50%;
  color: var(--secondary-color);
  font-family: var(--accent-font-family);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 24vw; /* graphic device — must track viewport width, exempt from px-type rule */
  line-height: 0.8;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Tablet Landscape Up - Min 900px */
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .page-signature {
    position: fixed; /* rides the viewport like the home signature */
    left: -0.5vw;
    bottom: 1.8vw; /* clears the brush tail on the leading capital */
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
    transform: rotate(-3deg) scaleX(1.02);
    transform-origin: 0 100%;
    font-size: 16.5vw;
    line-height: 0.75;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .page-signature {
    animation: write-on 1.8s cubic-bezier(0.65, 0, 0.35, 1) 0.8s both;
  }
}

/* =========================================================
   ARTICLE INDEX
   ========================================================= */

.article-index {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .article-index {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.45s both;
  }
}

.article-index li {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.2); /* index-row rule above each essay */
}

.article-index li:last-child {
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.2);
}

.article-index a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  padding-top: 1.1rem;
  padding-bottom: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.article-index a span:first-child {
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 18px;
}

.article-index a span:last-child {
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.article-index a:hover span:first-child {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

/* =========================================================
   CONTACT FORM
   ========================================================= */

.contact-form {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2.5rem;
  max-width: 34rem;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .contact-form {
    animation: rise-in 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) 0.45s both;
  }
}

.contact-form p {
  margin: 0;
}

.contact-form__row {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2.5rem;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .contact-form__row {
    flex-direction: row;
    gap: 2.5rem;
  }
}

.contact-form__row p {
  flex: 1 1 0;
}

.contact-form label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.contact-form input,
.contact-form textarea {
  width: 100%;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.35); /* index-rule fields */
  border-radius: 0;
  background-color: transparent;
  padding-top: 0.4rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.6rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body-font-family);
  font-size: 19px;
}

.contact-form input:focus,
.contact-form textarea:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink); /* thickened rule is the focus indicator */
}

.contact-form p:focus-within label {
  color: var(--ink); /* label sharpens while its field is active */
}

.contact-form textarea {
  min-height: 12rem;
  padding-top: 0.35rem;
  border-bottom: 0;
  background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, transparent calc(2em - 1px), rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.22) calc(2em - 1px), rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.22) 2em); /* ruled note paper */
  background-attachment: local;
  line-height: 2;
  resize: vertical;
}

.contact-form textarea:focus {
  border-bottom: 0;
  background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, transparent calc(2em - 1px), rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.45) calc(2em - 1px), rgba(33, 31, 28, 0.45) 2em);
}

.contact-form button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.9rem;
  width: 100%;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background-color: var(--primary-color);
  padding-top: 1.05rem;
  padding-bottom: 1.05rem;
  padding-left: 2rem;
  padding-right: 2rem;
  color: var(--offwhite);
  font-family: var(--body-font-family);
  font-size: 14px;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Tablet Portrait Up - Min 600px */
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .contact-form button {
    width: auto;
    align-self: flex-start;
  }
}

.contact-form button:hover {
  background-color: var(--primary-color-darkened);
}

.contact-form button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--secondary-color);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.contact-form button svg {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .contact-form button svg {
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
  }
}

.contact-form button:hover svg {
  transform: translateX(3px);
}

/* SENDING STATE */

.contact-form__sending {
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.45rem;
}

.contact-form button.is-sending {
  pointer-events: none; /* not the disabled attribute, which can cancel the submit */
  background-color: var(--primary-color-darkened);
}

.contact-form button.is-sending .contact-form__idle {
  display: none;
}

.contact-form button.is-sending .contact-form__sending {
  display: inline-flex;
}

.contact-form button.is-sending svg {
  display: none;
}

.contact-form__sending span {
  display: block;
  width: 5px;
  height: 5px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background-color: currentColor;
  opacity: 0.3;
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .contact-form__sending span {
    animation: dot-pulse 1.1s ease-in-out infinite;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .contact-form__sending span:nth-child(2) {
    animation-delay: 0.18s;
  }
}

/* Motion Safe */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .contact-form__sending span:nth-child(3) {
    animation-delay: 0.36s;
  }
}

@keyframes dot-pulse {
  0%,
  100% {
    opacity: 0.3;
  }
  50% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

/* =========================================================
   ANIMATIONS
   ========================================================= */

@keyframes rise-in {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(22px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}

@keyframes photo-settle {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(1.045);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}

@keyframes write-on {
  from {
    clip-path: inset(-150% 100% -150% -25%); /* oversized on every side so brush flourishes never clip */
  }
  to {
    clip-path: inset(-150% -45% -150% -25%);
  }
}